Monday, July 28, 2008

1)
The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey; Madison, New Jersey
August 7-26, 2007
Director: Matthew Arbour
Sound Design: Robert Kaplowitz
Set Design: Mimi Lien
Lighting Design: Tyler Micoleau
Costume Design: Erin Murphy
Stage Manager Kathy Snyder
Mrs. Martin-Mary Bacon
Mr. Martin- Greg Jackson
Fire Chief-Walker Jones
Mrs. Smith- Kelly McAndrew
Mary- Angela Pierce
Mr. Smith- Matthew Floyd-Miller
http://www.shakespearenj.org/season/soprano.html



New York Times
By NAOMI SIEGEL
Published: August 19, 2007
Whatever’s going on over at the Shakespeare Theater of New Jersey, it’s surely not business as usual. During one hour and 15 minutes of discombobulating mayhem, a clock strikes 17, and Mrs. Smith, one-half of the excruciatingly domestic couple occupying the stage, announces the time as 9. The Martins, a second, even odder couple, arrive as total strangers to each other, only to discover the “bizarre and curious coincidence” that they both live on the same street, in the same house, sleep in the same bed, and — here’s the kicker — have nurtured the same child.

Mary, a maid with attitude, breaks down the metaphorical fourth wall and addresses the audience directly. The doorbell rings twice, and no one is there when the door is opened; on the third ring, however, a fire chief arrives and proceeds to tell a series of convoluted shaggy dog stories.
Then there is the moment of epiphany, when the chief mentions the bald soprano, and Mrs. Smith assures all concerned that the lady “always wears her hair in the same style.”
This must be theater of the absurd, with Eugene Ionesco’s masterpiece “The Bald Soprano” front and center. There’s no choice but to grab a seat on this roller coaster of non sequiturs and hang on for the ride of your life.
“The Bald Soprano” first appeared in 1950 when it opened before three brave souls at the Théâtre des Noctambules in Paris. The response was generally negative, and the play closed shortly after. Seven years later, following a huge surge of interest and critical acclaim, it reopened at the Théâtre de la Huchette, where it continues, to this day, to set records for longevity.
The decision by Bonnie J. Monte, the Shakespeare Theater’s artistic director, to present this classic was not without peril. The work challenges its audience to find meaning in meaninglessness, relevance in a stiflingly prim, upside-down world. Language is twisted and fragmented and deprived of its power to communicate, reflecting the writer’s horror at the emptiness of much verbal interchange. For listeners, however, this very exercise runs the risk of creating its own ennui.

Matthew Arbour, as director, has refused to be cowed by the challenge. He has crafted a vibrant, funny, highly stylized theater piece, never ignoring the author’s explicit directives while using them as jumping-off points in the search for creative dramatic solutions.
His cast of six makes for a seamless ensemble. Matthew Floyd Miller and Kelly McAndrew as the acidly congenial, near-robotic Mr. and Mrs. Smith, and Greg Jackson and Mary Bacon as the desperate to please Mr. and Mrs. Martin, exploit their characters’ clueless opacity with perfect comic timing. Angela Pierce is no one’s fool as the tart, know-it-all Mary. In the role of the Fire Chief, Walker Jones, without missing a beat, gets to tell the longest short story in the annals of the theater.

The raw-wood packing crate of Mimi Lien, the set designer, which opens seductively to reveal a rose-themed, claustrophobically patterned English cottage in the suburbs of London, is a marvel of stage mechanics. As lighted by Tyler Micoleau and framing the stylish costumes of Erin Murphy, this picture-perfect abode nearly screams of dysfunction.
“The Bald Soprano,” through Aug. 26, at the Shakespeare Theater of New Jersey, 36 Madison Avenue, Madison (on the campus of Drew University). Information: shakespearenj.org or (973) 408-5600.

2)
City Garage Theatre; Santa Monica, California
November 9, 2007 – March 2, 2008
Directed by Frédérique Michel
Production Design by Charles A. Duncombe
Mr. Smith: Jeff Atik
Mrs. Smith: David E. Frank
Mrs. Martin: Cynthia Mance
Fire Chief: Maximiliano Molina
Mary: Alisha Nichols
Mr. Martin: Bo Roberts







Review:

LA WEEKLY - GO!
Monday, November 12, 2007
By Paul Birchall
GO! THE BALD SOPRANO by Eugene Ionesco

Eugene Ionesco’s brilliant absurdist farce unfolds in a universe dislodged from logic and even common sense. Yet, even in this bizarre world, a good laugh is still a good laugh, thanks to director Frederique Michel’s assured staging that comes marbled in cool irony. A middle-aged couple, Mr. and Mrs. Smith (Jeff Atik and David E. Frank in drag), relaxes in a suburban living room not far from Paris, after having had a delicious dinner. Mrs. Smith rhapsodizes about the meal, while her genial hubby replies in incomprehensible grunts and gurgles. Suddenly, the Smiths’ friends, Mrs. and Mr. Martin (Cynthia Mance and Bo Roberts), show up on the doorstep — and soon the characters are squawking, babbling and ejaculating random bits of nonsense. Are they a pair of typical suburban couples? Or barking animals at the zoo? It’s best to simply roll with Ionesco’s wonderfully random and playfully chaotic plot, which Michel sets with impeccable comic timing. The performers rattle off the non sequiturs with glee and gusto — at times the piece resembles a long Monty Python sketch. Frank’s turn as Mrs. Smith is particularly droll — he plays the character as a frumpy suburban matron, but with buggy, lunatic eyes. Atik’s harrumphing hubby and Mance’s seriously deranged Mrs. Martin are vivid, multidimensional characters. CITY GARAGE, 1340½ Fourth St. (alley), Santa Monica; Fri.-Sat., 8 p.m.; Sun., 5:30 p.m.; thru Dec 16. (310) 319-9939. http://www.citygarage.org/ionesco4.html

3)
Atlantic Theater Co., 336 W. 20th St. (8/9th Aves) New York, NY
9/01/04 to 10/17/04
Directed by Carl Forsman
Set Design: Loy Arcenas
Costume Design: Theresa Squire
Lighting Design: Josh Bradford
Sound Design: Obediah Eaves
Actors: John Ellison Conlee, Michael Countryman, Seana Kofoed, Maggie Lacey, Jan Maxwell, Robert Stanton





Review:
A CurtainUp Review
The Bald Soprano & The Lesson
By: Elyse Sommer 2004
Good grief, it's nine o'clock. We've eaten our soup, fish, buttered potato jackets and British salad. The children have drunk British water. We stuffed ourselves this evening. All because we live in the outskirts of London and because our name is Smith. ---Mrs. Smith in The Bald Soprano
Though the clock has struck seventeen times, it is indeed nine o'clock when Mrs. Smith (Jan Maxwell) begins to natter away as she darns some socks and her husband (Michael Countryman) remains hidden behind his newspaper. Mrs. Smith's chatter ranges from the menu served at a recent dinner party to a doctor who "never prescribes medication he has hasn't tried on himself first" and considers yogurt "excellent for the stomach, the kidneys, appendicitis and apotheosis". The British being devotees of all things floral, set designer Loy Arcenas has upped the Smiths' British-ness by splashing their living room wall with a rose-patterned wall paper hung with painted flower-filled vases . When Mr. Smith finally lowers his newspaper, what amounts to a platitudinous monologue disintegrates into nonsensical non sequiturs masquerading as sensible dialogue. Eugene Ionesco's deconstruction of language as a trustworthy communications tool, La Cantatrice Chauve, has become the Paris equivalent of The Mousetrap for the Theatre de la Huchette where it's been playing for half a decade. Known to English speaking audiences as The Bald Soprano, this was this father of absurdism's first play, or as he preferred to call it, "anti-play." Fifty-year-old plays invariably invite new translations. The latest take on The Bald Soprano, along with another one-acter, The Lesson, comes from Tina Howe. Ms. Howe has taken some liberties, but remains true enough to the originals to make us see people struggling unsuccessfully to use language to make sense of a senseless universe. Carl Forsman has directed the newly translated pair for maximum humor which, in the first play especially, had the audience at the Atlantic Theater respond with appreciative laughter to scenes like the Smiths' priceless exchange about a group of people, all called Bobby Watson. Entertaining, as both plays are, neither is a home run. Why? First, except for his indestructible work like Rhinoceros, Ionesco's avant-garde edge has been somewhat preempted by the very writers he influenced, including pop media absurdists. Secondly, Mr. Forsman's more soft than hard-edged interpretation overplays the Soprano's drawing room comedy aspects and underplays the sinister quality of The Lesson. Consequently, while this is an amusing evening worth seeing, it lacks the brilliance that carried Simon McBurney's 1998 revival of The Chairs to Broadway for the first time in thirty years. The double bill is blessed with an outstanding cast, all of whom manage to shed their proper British decorum for occasional manic outbursts. Jan Maxwell is terrific as the fluttery Mrs. Smith, and Michael Countryman displays the right degree of grumpiness as her husband. Seana Kofoed and Robert Stanton are a perfect match as the visiting Mr. and Mrs. Martin, who initially seem to be strangers and eventually prove to be interchangeable with the Smiths. John Ellison Conlee adds considerably to the banal quirkiness of this get-together of people who can't connect to themselves, let alone each other. His fireman, like everyone else, is frustrated, in this case by the dirth of fires to put out. (The Captain's "There's nothing out there, just chicken feed -- a chimney here, a barn there. Nothing big. It doesn't bring anything in. Because there's no yield, the profits on returns are negligible." leads Mr. Smith to responds with " It's the same everywhere. Business, agriculture. . . It's like your fires this year, nothing's happening."). Maggie Lacey is delightful as the Maid and the Fire Captain's love interestIn The Lesson, another Maggie, Maggie Kiley, is amusing as the hapless student who can only absorb knowledge by rote. Steven Skybell plays the professor whose frustration becomes threatening with a Groucho Marx-like broadness that lingers even during the descend into darkness. The Lesson is more or less a tag-along to round out the evening, and somehow is neither as funny or as dark as it seems intended to be. As the Smiths and the Martins and the Professor and Student make less and less sense, it does make sense to ignore the above mentioned flaws and see this nimble cast in this stylishly staged production. Don't wait too long though. This is not a fifty-plus year run shades of La Cantatrice Chauve at the Theatre de la Huchette.

4)
I think that this director paid special attention to the fact that it is an English family and made sure to stay true to that form of comedy and to the language of the play.
Cubiculo, 414 West 51st Street. New York, NY
1987
Directed by Joseph Chaikin
Associate Director: Nancy Gabor
Set Design: Watoku Ueno
Lights Design: Beverly Emmons
Costumes Design: Mary Brecht
Dramaturg: Bill Coco;
Production Stage Manager: T. J. Carroll
Stage Manager: Lillian Butler
Mrs. Smith: Jayne Haynes
Mr: Smith: John Turturr
Mary: Yolande Bavan
Mrs. Martin: Judith Cohen
Mr. Martin: Sam Tsoutsouvas
Fire Chief: Geoffrey C. Ewing

STAGE: 'THE BALD SOPRANO'
By MEL GUSSOW Published: June 12, 1987, Friday
LEAD: THE revival of ''The Bald Soprano'' at the Cubiculo is a doubly significant event. It represents one of Joseph Chaikin's most extensive involvements in theater since his stroke, and it is a rare opportunity to see a first-quality Eugene Ionesco production in New York. Though there was a period when his work was readily available,
THE revival of ''The Bald Soprano'' at the Cubiculo is a doubly significant event. It represents one of Joseph Chaikin's most extensive involvements in theater since his stroke, and it is a rare opportunity to see a first-quality Eugene Ionesco production in New York. Though there was a period when his work was readily available, Ionesco productions have become increasingly sparse, at least in this city.

''The Bald Soprano,'' preceded by ''The Leader'' as a curtain-raiser, was Ionesco's first work of theater (presented in 1950 in Paris) and became the foundation of his career. Along with its continuing relevance, the play has been exceedingly influential on other writers. Watching it in Mr. Chaikin's articulate new production, one cannot help but be aware of comedies by Edward Albee, Tom Stoppard and others that followed it and drew upon Ionesco as a comic tutor. They are all surrealists as well as absurdists under the skin.
In ''The Bald Soprano,'' which the author labels ''an anti-play,'' he assails the craze for conformity that he found ingrained in our society. As he made clear, the play is intended not as a satire on bourgeois English life, but as a play about language and ''a parody of human behavior and therefore a parody of theater, too.'' It is also, the author said, ''a completely unserious play.'' In that respect, Ionesco was, of course, being ingenuous.

Though the surface is light spirited, the play has a cosmic awareness of how man debases - and defeats -himself, often through his choice of words. The play has not aged. One might even suggest that we have caught up with ''The Bald Soprano,'' living, as we do, in a computerized world where information is byte-sized and news becomes photogenic.
The author's instrument is English domestic comedy, as a married couple named Smith invite a married couple named Martin to dinner, which is never served. The play begins with small talk and ends in babble, and one is not very different from the other. As translated by Donald M. Allen, Ionesco has an intuitive grasp of the natural contradictions that infiltrate our conversation. Everyone says one thing and may mean the opposite.

In Ionesco land, the clock strikes 17, a knock at the door does not mean that a visitor has arrived and a man and a woman, through a process of illogical deduction, are forced to conclude that they are actually husband and wife. Despite the familiarity of the play, ''The Bald Soprano'' holds surprises, some of which arrive in performance.
Following the author's prescription, Mr. Chaikin (in collaboration with his associate director, Nancy Gabor) approaches this ''tragedy of language'' straight, with intensity. The acting is more serious than one customarily finds in Ionesco, but the play is no less funny.
As the Smiths, John Turturro and Jayne Haynes are ever so properly British. Aloof and glowering, Mr. Turturro convincingly assumes an English accent and manner. He could be a cousin of John Cleese's Basil Fawlty. One expects him to explode, and, at intervals, Mr. Turturro delivers as promised, listening to his wife's dire monologue and then responding with a brief tantrum. In contrast, Ms. Haynes is chipper, never losing her aplomb even as her words are misinterpreted.

Sam Tsoutsouvas's Mr. Martin is the ultimate in suaveness. He could be a character out of Oscar Wilde, while his down-to-earth wife (Judith Cohen) might have strayed on stage from a Joe Orton comedy. Short and round, she sits in the higher of two adjacent chairs; her feet never touch the ground. Soon the dialogue of the two couples intermingle, only to be interrupted by an assertive maid (Yolande Bavan) and a fire chief (Geoffrey C. Ewing).
Why a fire chief? One could say that the household is metaphorically aflame, or that the fireman is both a figure of authority and a figure of fun. In any case, the six-way roundelay accrues diversions and distortions until everything is topsy-turvy - and the Martins begin the play again, sitting in for the Smiths. The setting is spare, the costumes (by Mary Brecht) are specific and the actors spin through non sequitors as if they are commonsensical.
Before ''The Bald Soprano'' begins, theatergoers stand to watch ''The Leader,'' a brief sketch about the adulation of an unseen hero who, when he appears, turns out to be headless (and, of course, brainless). Although it is a bit too long to wait for the single sight gag, ''The Leader'' does succeed in putting one in an anticipatory Ionesco mood. The comic payoff comes with ''The Bald Soprano.'' One would hope that the production would encourage a renewal of interest in other work by this 20th-century innovator. Anti-Conformity THE BALD SOPRANO and THE LEADER, by Eugene Ionesco, translated by Donald M. Allen; directed by Joseph Chaikin; associate director, Nancy Gabor; sets by Watoku Ueno; lights, Beverly Emmons; costumes, Mary Brecht; sound designer for ''The Leader,'' Gary Harris; dramaturg, Bill Coco; production stage manager, T. J. Carroll; stage manager, Lillian Butler. Presented by The Open Space Theater Experiment, Lynn Michaels, artistic director. At the Cubiculo, 414 West 51st Street.

5)
The set of this particular show is to say the least striking. It takes an interesting look at the house and made it a more experimental set then trying to put the Smiths in a living environment like much of the other productions.
EVERYMAN PALACE THEATRE, Cork, Ireland
FEBRUARY 26 – MARCH 2, 2007
THE BALD SOPRANO is directed by Niall Henry
Set and Costume Design by Jean Connelly
Light Design by Barry McKinney / Michael Cummins
sound and video design by Joseph Hunt
CAST – Patrick Curley, Ruth Lehane, Niall Henry, Sandra O’ Malley, Kellie Hughes, John Carty.

Hilarious…affirming…and oddly moving.. - Irish Theatre Magazine
http://www.blueraincoat.com/baldprima.htm



Review:
Anonymous Blog on "The Scene" website
Blue Raincoat take their shows on the road
Blue Raincoat Theatre Company is about to embark on a national spring tour of venues throughout Ireland where the Company will present The Bald Soprano by Eugene Ionesco and Malcolm Hamilton's A Brief Taste of Lightning.
Both plays have been produced before by Blue Raincoat to critical acclaim and the Irish tour throughout February and March will allow audiences from as far afield as Cork, Navan, Waterford and Monaghan to sample the work of Blue Raincoat Theatre Company.
The Bald Soprano and A Brief Taste of Lightning are amongst a number of productions in the Blue Raincoat Theatre Company's touring repertoire.
Blue Raincoat's commitment to the development of that repertoire has allowed the Company to tour a number of productions throughout Ireland and abroad in recent years. Most recently Blue Raincoat travelled to Spain where the Company performed Malcolm Hamilton's The Strange Voyage of Donald Crowhurst at the renowned Muestra de Teatro Theatre Festival in Avila.
The Bald Soprano was performed at The Factory Performance Space in 2005 before it went on to tour Ireland. Described by one critic as "wildly funny" the 2007 production is currently in rehearsal and will play the Belltable in Limerick, The Everyman Palace Theatre in Cork and The Garter Lane Arts Centre in Waterford during late January and March.
New faces for this production of The Bald Soprano are actors Patrick Curley and Ruth Lehane both of whom will revel in their roles as the Fireman and Mrs Martin in a show of absurd humour that wickedly satirises the emptiness of life lived by habit, with some genuinely hilarious moments.
A Brief Taste of Lightning featuring Sandra O Malley and John Carty will tour to Longford, Castlebar, Navan, Monaghan, Portlaoise and Roscommon Town during March. The play presents a fascinating meditation on memory, love and modern life. It was last produced in 2004 and described as "mesmerising" and a show where the acting was "achingly good."
The already high standard of both these plays is the direct benefit of Blue Raincoat Theatre Company's development of a touring repertoire. That standard of excellence is sure to be enhanced further in these new productions. Full details of the Spring 2007 tour schedule are available from Blue Raincoat on 071-9170431 or at http://www.blueraincoat.com/.
http://www.scene.ie/issue90/arts_news.shtml

Pictures From Other Productions:




What is Absurdism?:
The origins of the Theatre of the Absurd are rooted in the avant-garde experiments in art of the 1920s and 1930s. At the same time, it was undoubtedly strongly influenced by the traumatic experience of the horrors of the Second World War, which showed the total impermanence of any values, shook the validity of any conventions and highlighted the precariousness of human life and its fundamental meaninglessness and arbitrariness. The trauma of living from 1945 under threat of nuclear annihilation also seems to have been an important factor in the rise of the new theatre. As a result, absurd plays assumed a highly unusual, innovative form, directly aiming to startle the viewer, shaking him out of this comfortable, conventional life of everyday concerns. In the meaningless and Godless post-Second-World-War world, it was no longer possible to keep using such traditional art forms and standards that had ceased being convincing and lost their validity. The Theatre of the Absurd openly rebelled against conventional theatre. Indeed, it was anti-theatre. It was surreal, illogical, conflictless and plotless. The dialogue seemed total gobbledygook. Not unexpectedly, the Theatre of the Absurd first met with incomprehension and rejection.
One of the most important aspects of absurd drama was its distrust of language as a means of communication. Language had become a vehicle of conventionalised, stereotyped, meaningless exchanges. Words failed to express the essence of human experience, not being able to penetrate beyond its surface. The Theatre of the Absurd constituted first and foremost an onslaught on language, showing it as a very unreliable and insufficient tool of communication. Absurd drama uses conventionalised speech, clichés, slogans and technical jargon, which is distorts, parodies and breaks down. By ridiculing conventionalised and stereotyped speech patterns, the Theatre of the Absurd tries to make people aware of the possibility of going beyond everyday speech conventions and communicating more authentically. Conventionalised speech acts as a barrier between ourselves and what the world is really about: in order to come into direct contact with natural reality, it is necessary to discredit and discard the false crutches of conventionalised language. Objects are much more important than language in absurd theatre: what happens transcends what is being said about it. It is the hidden, implied meaning of words that assume primary importance in absurd theatre, over an above what is being actually said. The Theatre of the Absurd strove to communicate an undissolved totality of perception - hence it had to go beyond language.
The term “Theatre of the Absurd” was coined by Martin Esslin in his 1962 book by that title. In The Theatre of the Absurd, Esslin states, “The Theatre of the Absurd has renounced arguing about the absurdity of the human condition; it merely presents it in being—that is, in terms of concrete stage images. This is the difference between the approach of the philosopher and that of the poet.” He goes on to say that “The hallmark of this attitude is its sense that the certitudes and unshakable basic assumptions of former ages have been swept away, that they have been tested and found wanting, that they have been discredited as cheap and somewhat childish illusions.” Some common characteristics of absurdist plays include this general existential philosophy coupled with a rejection of narrative continuity and the rigidity of logic, as well as (and perhaps most importantly) a radical devaluation of language which is seen as a futile attempt to communicate the impossible. The general effect is often a nightmare or dreamlike atmosphere in which the protagonist is overwhelmed by the chaotic or irrational nature of his environment. Most absurdists also doggedly resist the traditional separation of farce and tragedy, intermixing the two at will, creating an unpredictable world that mirrors our own, in which the poignantly tragic may come upon the heels of the absurdly funny, or vice versa.
(http://www.theatrehistory.com/misc/theatre_of_the_absurd.html)
The Theatre of the Absurd (French: "Le Théâtre de l'Absurde") is a designation for particular plays written by a number of primarily European playwrights in the late 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, as well as to the style of theatre which has evolved from their work.
The term was coined by the critic Martin Esslin, who made it the title of a book on the subject first published in 1961 and in two later revised editions; the third and final edition appeared in 2004, in paperback with a new foreword by the author. In the first edition of The Theatre of the Absurd, Esslin saw the work of these playwrights as giving artistic articulation to Albert Camus' philosophy that life is inherently without meaning as illustrated in his work The Myth of Sisyphus. Though the term is applied to a wide range of plays, some characteristics coincide in many of the plays: broad comedy, often similar to Vaudeville, mixed with horrific or tragic images; characters caught in hopeless situations forced to do repetitive or meaningless actions; dialogue full of clichés, wordplay, and nonsense; plots that are cyclical or absurdly expansive; either a parody or dismissal of realism and the concept of the "well-made play". In the first (1961) edition, Esslin presented the four defining playwrights of the movement as Samuel Beckett, Arthur Adamov, Eugene Ionesco, and Jean Genet, and in subsequent editions he added a fifth playwright, Harold Pinter—although each of these writers has unique preoccupations and techniques that go beyond the term "absurd."[1][2] Other writers whom Esslin associated with this group include Tom Stoppard, Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Fernando Arrabal, Edward Albee, and Jean Tardieu.[1][2]
Although the Theatre of the Absurd is often traced back to avant-garde experiments of the 1920s and 1930s, its roots, in actuality, date back much further. Absurd elements first made their appearance shortly after the rise of Greek drama, in the wild humor and buffoonery of Old Comedy and the plays of Aristophanes in particular. They were further developed in the late classical period by Lucian, Petronius and Apuleius, in Menippean satire, a tradition of carnivalistic literature, depicting “a world upside down.” The morality plays of the Middle Ages may be considered a precursor to the Theatre of the Absurd, depicting everyman-type characters dealing with allegorical and sometimes existential problems. This tradition would carry over into the Baroque allegorical drama of Elizabethan times, when dramatists such as John Webster, Cyril Tourneur, Jakob Biederman and Calderon would depict the world in mythological archetypes. During the nineteenth century, absurd elements may be noted in certain plays by Ibsen and, more obviously, Strindberg, but the acknowledged predecessor of what would come to be called the Theatre of the Absurd is Alfred Jarry's "monstrous puppet-play" Ubu Roi (1896) which presents a mythical, grotesque figure, set amidst a world of archetypal images. Ubu Roi is a caricature, a terrifying image of the animal nature of man and his cruelty. In the 1920s and 1930s, the surrealists expanded on Jarry’s experiments, basing much of their artistic theory on the teachings of Freud and his emphasis on the role of the subconscious mind which they acknowledged as a great, positive healing force. Their intention was to do away with art as a mere imitation of surface reality, instead demanding that it should be more real than reality and deal with essences rather than appearances. The Theatre of the Absurd was also anticipated in the dream novels of James Joyce and Franz Kafka who created archetypes by delving into their own subconscious and exploring the universal, collective significance of their own private obsessions. Silent film and comedy, as well as the tradition of verbal nonsense in the early sound films of Laurel and Hardy, W.C. Fields, and the Marx Brothers would also contribute to the development of the Theatre of the Absurd, as did the verbal "nonsense" of François Rabelais, Lewis Carroll, Edward Lear, and Christian Morgernstern. But it would take a catastrophic world event to actually bring about the birth of the new movement.
Theater of the Absurd came about as a reaction to World War II. It took the basis of existential philosophy and combined it with dramatic elements to create a style of theatre which presented a world which can not be logically explained, life is in one word, ABSURD!
Needless to say, this genre of theatre took quite some time to catch on because it used techniques that seemed to be illogical to the theatre world. The plots often deviated from the more traditional episodic structure, and seem to move in a circle, ending the same way it began. The scenery was often unrecognizable, and to make matters worse, the dialogue never seemed to make any sense.

Monday, July 21, 2008

The World Of The Play

Time:
January 14 - The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
January 20 - Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in for his own full term as U.S. President.
January 24 - Winston Churchill dies at the age of 90, as the result of a stroke
January 30 - Winston Churchill's funeral is held in London.
February 7 - The U.S. begins the regular bombing of North Vietnamese towns and villages.
February 18 - The Gambia becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
February 21 - Malcolm X is assassinated on the first day of National Brotherhood Week, at the Audubon Ballroom in New York City, allegedly by Black Muslims.
March 8 - Vietnam War: 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam, becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam.
March 9 - The second attempt to march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, under the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr., stops at the bridge that was the site of Bloody Sunday, to hold a prayer service and return to Selma, in obedience to a court restraining order. White supremacists beat up white Unitarian Universalist minister James J. Reeb later that day in Selma.
March 10 - Goldie, a London Zoo golden eagle, is recaptured after 13 days of freedom.
March 22 - Nicolae Ceauşescu becomes first secretary of the Romanian Communist Party.
March 23 - Gemini 3: NASA launches the United States' first 2-person crew (Gus Grissom, John Young) into Earth orbit
April 5 - At the 37th Academy Awards, My Fair Lady received 8 Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director. Rex Harrison won an Oscar for Best Actor. Mary Poppins took home 5 Oscars. Julie Andrews won an Academy Award for Best Actress, for her portrayal in the role. Sherman Brothers receive two Oscars including Best Song, "Chim Chim Cher-ee.
May 1 - Bob (later Sir Robert) Askin replaces Jack Renshaw as Premier of New South Wales.
May 1 - Liverpool win the FA Cup Final beating Leeds Utd 2 - 1
June 24 - Freddie Mills, former British boxing champion, is found shot in his car in Soho.
July 22 - Sir Alec Douglas-Home resigns as leader of the British Conservative Party
July 25 - Bob Dylan elicits controversy among folk purists by "going electric" at the Newport Folk Festival.
July 26 The Maldives receives full independence from Great Britain.
July 27 - Edward Heath becomes Leader of the British Conservative Party.
July 31 - J.K Rowling is born.
August 1 - Cigarette advertising is banned on British television.
August 6 - U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into law.
August 15 - The Beatles performed the first stadium concert in the history of rock, playing at Shea StadiumNew York in
November 5 - Martial law is announced in Rhodesia. The UN General Assembly accepts British intent to use force against Rhodesia if necessary by a vote of 82-9.
November 8 - The British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands (on June 23, 1976 Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches are returned to Seychelles).
November 8 - The Murder (Abolition of the Death Penalty) Act 1965 is given Royal Assent, formally abolishing the death penalty in the United Kingdom.
December 3 - Members of the Organization of African Unity decide to sever diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom, unless the British government ends the rebellion of Rhodesia by mid-December.
December 5 - Charles de Gaulle is re-elected as French president with 10,828,421 votes.
December 22 - A 70 mph speed limit is imposed on British roads.
December 27 - The British oil platform Sea Gem collapses in the North Sea.
December 28 - Italian Foreign Minister Amintore Fanfani resigns
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965
The Characters of the play The Bald Soprano were extremely patriotic and stood behind any of the decisions made by the country. They stand behind the idea of home/family values. They believe in friendships with the people surrounding them such as neighbors. They are also in the business of their friends and neighbors. 

Place:

The Illustrated London News - February 20, 1965London, 1965. 32 pages. Features: Moving Towards the Climax in South Vietnam; Full-Colour MG Automobile Advertisement; The Queen visits Sudan; Turbulence in the Aircraft Industry; Art Treasures from French Churces; Astronaut's Underwater Escape Drill; Police Shooting at Westmorland; The Mine of Statuary in Aphrodisias; and more. Moderate wear. Unmarked. Sound copy. Good. http://www.antiqbook.com/books/



Freight train climbing the 1:50 gradient from a similar viewpoint as the photo above, 1965. www.urban75.org/railway/silvertown.html



September 1965 - Demonstration of Tele Noflam Protective Suit at Brigade Headquarters. © London Fire & Emergency Planning Authority. www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/exh_gfx_en/ART39120.html



In the mid 60s, the London Mods congregated in Carnaby Street for a regular fashion parade. Pop music poured from the boutiques and men's shops along the small, narrow street. By the mid 60s, boutiques catering for girls as well as boys were common on Carnaby Street; the Mods usually brought their girlfriends along with them. flickr.com/photos/castlekay/2510592961/

The British Telocom tower sits 620ft above the ground. It was the countries tallest building at the time it was opened on 8 October 1965 http://www.firstcity.f9.co.uk/london/london4.htm



November 16th, 1965. London. Arsenal goeali bruns stoops to scoop as brazilian nei runs in to capture the ball followed closely by court and storey during friendly match between arsenal and corinthians at highbury. The gunners won 2-0. www.flickr.com/photos/footmem/2070867393/


BYRDS 1965 London Hyde Park. Chris Hillman, Roger McGuinn, Gene Clark, Michael Clarke, David Crosby© Chris Walter www.photofeatures.com/byrds/index.html


1965 - John Bailey - North London then, Leigh-on-Sea now
"It took me two years to save up enough money for a deposit on a scooter. Not just any old scooter but a Vespa GS150 VS5. I’ve been told that my colour photo of a mod on his scooter with his bird on the back is very rare. The fly screen, mirrors, front and rear carriers and crash bars would have set me back a few bob. However, I probably picked up the shades and the desert boots, which I had dyed blue, quite cheap." http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio2/events/60sseason/galleries/1583/4/index.shtml


Living in London (1965)L to R - Peter, Beth, Sue, Jim & Tony www.vickers-willis.com/html/homejimscv.htm


Alice and Calvin Trillin, leaving the London registry office where they were married on Aug. 13, 1965. From the March 27, 2006, edition of the New Yorker magazine. http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2006/03/24/alice_trillin/

Sound:

The Beatles: cd $12.99 at Target (http://www.target.com/gp/search/601-2468506-6932930?field-keywords=the+beatles&url=index%3Dtarget&ref=sr_bx_1_1)
http://youtube.com/watch?v=87yq372R4Ts&feature=related
The Beatles clip from a performance in 1965
http://youtube.com/watch?v=6M3skID44Gg
A Movie trailor the Beatles made

The Bryds: Cd $10.99 (http://www.target.com/gp/search/601-2468506-6932930?field-keywords=the+byrds&url=index%3Dtarget&ref=sr_bx_1_1)
http://youtube.com/watch?v=rYk5bhxG1OY
A rare 1965 recording of a performance of The Bryds

The Rolling Stones: Cd $ 12.97 ( http://www.target.com/gp/search/601-2468506-6932930?field-keywords=the+rolling+stones&url=index%3Dtarget&ref=sr_bx_1_1)
http://youtube.com/watch?v=BzZHmHqEE7k
A performance of the Rolling Stones in 1965

Ella Fitzgerald: Cd $9.97 ( http://www.target.com/gp/search/601-2468506-6932930?field-keywords=ella+fitzgerald&url=index%3Dtarget&ref=sr_bx_1_1)
http://youtube.com/watch?v=fNpe5urb4FQ&feature=related
A performance Ella Fitzgerald gave in London 1965

The Moody Blues: Cd $9.99 (http://www.bestbuy.com/site/olspage.jsp;jsessionid=KJWOBXUIPKHG3KC4D3DFAGY?_dyncharset=ISO-8859-1&id=pcat17071&type=page&st=the+moody+blues&sc=Global&cp=1&nrp=15&sp=&qp=&list=n&iht=y&usc=All+Categories&ks=960)
http://youtube.com/watch?v=eAwLYnIzj-g
A performance given in 1965 by the Moody Blues

Tuesday, July 15, 2008

THE FACTS!
THE BALD SOPRANO
By: Eugene Ionesco

Original Title/ Language/Translator: La Cantatrice Chauve/ French/ Donald Allen
Year of Original Publication: 1965
Genre/ Length/ Structure: Theatre of the Absurd / Comedy/ One Act
Agency Controlling license: Samuel French
Royalty Fee: $35
Cast Breakdown: 3 Males 3 Females
Time and Setting: Time in non-specific but Ionesco is very adamant about setting, London England!
Author Bio: Eugène Ionesco, born Eugen Ionescu (November 26, 1909March 28, 1994), was a Romanian and French playwright and dramatist, one of the foremost playwrights of the Theatre of the Absurd. Beyond ridiculing the most banal situations, Ionesco's plays depict in a tangible way the solitude and insignificance of human existence.The idea of the play came to Ionesco while he was trying to learn English with the Assimil method. He was impressed by the contents of the dialogues, often very sober and strange, so he decided to write an absurd play named L'anglais sans peine ("English without effort"). The current title was set only after a verbal slip-up made by one of the actors during the rehearsals. (citations: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ionesco, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bald_Soprano)
Plot Summary:The Smiths are a traditional couple from London, who have invited another couple, the Martins, over for a visit. They are joined later by the Smiths' maid, Mary, and the local fire chief, who is also a friend and possibly former lover of Mary's. The two families engage in meaningless banter, telling stories and relating nonsensical poems. Mrs. Martin at one point converses with her husband as if he were a stranger she just met. As the fire chief turns to leave, he mentions "the bald soprano" in passing, which has a very unsettling effect on the others. Mrs Smith replies that "she always wears her hair in the same style."
Like many plays in the theatre of the absurd genre, the underlying theme of The Bald Soprano is not immediately apparent. Many suggest that it expresses the futility of meaningful communication in modern society. The script is charged with non sequiturs that give the impression that the characters are not even listening to each other in their frantic efforts to make their own voices heard. There was speculation around the time of its first performance, categorising it as a parody. Ionesco states in an essay written to his critics, that he had no intention of parody, but if he were parodying anything, it would be everything.
The Bald Soprano appears to have been written as a continuous loop. The final scene contains stage instructions to start the performance over from the very beginning, with the Martin couple substituted for the Smith couple and vice versa. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bald_Soprano

Exegesis:
  1. Aniseed Star: Star anise (named for its star-shaped pods) lends a distinctive licorice-like flavor to numerous Asian dishes. The pods come from a small evergreen tree that is native to China. Look for star anise in the bulk spice sections of natural-foods stores, in Asian markets or online at penzeys.com.
  2. W.C.: meaning water closet or bathroom
  3. Constantinople: Constantinople (Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις, Konstantinoúpolis, or ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: CONSTANTINOPOLIS, in formal Ottoman Turkish: Konstantiniyye) was the capital of the Roman Empire (330–395), the Byzantine/East Roman Empire (395–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin Empire (1204–1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453–1922). Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christian empire, see Christendom, successor to ancient Greece and Rome. Throughout the Middle Ages Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city, known as the Queen of Cities (Vasileuousa Polis). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinople
  4. Leeks: The leek , Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum (L.), also sometimes known as Allium porrum, is a vegetable which belongs, along with the onion and garlic, to the Alliaceae family. Two related vegetables, the elephant garlic and kurrat, are also variant subspecies of Allium ampeloprasum, although different in their uses as food.
    The edible part of the leek plant is sometimes called a stem, though technically it is a bundle of leaf sheaths. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeks
  5. Great Britain:Great Britain (Scottish Gaelic: Breatainn Mhòr, Welsh: Prydain Fawr, Cornish: Breten Veur, Scots: Graet Breetain) is the larger of the two main islands of the British Isles, the largest island in Europe and the eighth-largest island in the world (Great Britain is also the third most populated island on earth). It lies to the northwest of Continental Europe, with Ireland to the west, and makes up the largest part of the territory of the state known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is surrounded by over 1,000[2] smaller islands and islets.
    England, Scotland and Wales are mostly situated on the island, along with their capital cities, London, Edinburgh and Cardiff respectively. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Britain
  6. Salvers: A salver is a flat tray of silver or other metal used for carrying or serving glasses, cups and dishes at table or for the presenting of a letter or card by a servant. In a royal or noble household the fear of poisoning led to the custom of tasting the food or drink before it was served to the master and his guests; this was known as the assay of meat and drink, and in Spanish was called salva. Salvar is to preserve from risk, from the Latin salvare, to save. The term salva was also applied to the dish or tray on which the food or drink was presented after the tasting process. There seems no doubt that this Spanish word is the source of the English salver; a parallel is found in the origin of the term credenza. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salver
  7. Manchester:Manchester ( pronounced mæntʃɛstə/) is a city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. Manchester was granted city status in 1853. It has a population of 452,000,[2] and lies at the centre of the wider Greater Manchester Urban Area, which has a population of 2,240,230,[3] the United Kingdom's third largest conurbation. Manchester has the second largest urban zone in the UK and the fourteenth most populated in Europe. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester
  8. Bromfield Street: Bromfield St Islington, London N1UK,The nearest underground station to Bromfield Street is 'Angel Tube' which is about 5 minutes to the South . http://www.londontown.com/LondonStreets/bromfield_street_97d.html
  9. Flat: English word for Apartment or living situation.
  10. Eiderdown: The down of the eider duck, used as stuffing for quilts and pillows.
    A quilt stuffed with the down of the eider duck.
    A warm napped fabric. http://www.answers.com/topic/eiderdown
  11. Boor: 1. A person with rude, clumsy manners and little refinement.
    2. A peasant. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/boor
  12. Underground: English word for subway system; Mind the Gap
  13. Vicar of Wakefield: The Vicar of Wakefield is a novel by the Irish author Oliver Goldsmith. It was written in 1761 and 1762, and published in 1766. Dr. Primrose, his wife Deborah and their six children live an idyllic life in a country parish. The vicar is well-off due to investing an inheritance he received from a deceased relative, and the vicar donates the 34 pounds that his job pays annually to local orphans and war veterans. On the evening of his son George's wedding to wealthy Arabella Wilmot, the vicar loses all his money through the bankruptcy of his merchant investor who left town with his money.
    The wedding is called off by Arabella's father, who is known for his prudence with money. George, who was educated at Oxford and is old enough to be considered an adult, is sent away to town. The rest of the family move to a new and more humble parish on the land of Squire Thornhill, who is known to be a womanizer. On the way, they hear about the dubious reputation of their new landlord. Also, references are made to the squire's uncle Sir William Thornhill, who is known throughout the country for his worthiness and generosity.
    A poor and eccentric friend, Mr. Burchell, whom they meet at an inn, rescues Sophia from drowning. She is instantly attracted to him, but her ambitious mother does not encourage her feelings.
    Then follows a period of happy family life, only interrupted by regular visits of the dashing Squire Thornhill and Mr. Burchell. Olivia is captivated by Thornhill's hollow charm, but he also encourages the social ambitions of Mrs Primrose and her daughters to a ludicrous degree.
    Finally, Olivia is reported to have fled. First Burchell is suspected, but after a long pursuit Dr. Primrose finds his daughter, who was in reality deceived by Squire Thornhill. He planned to marry her in a mock ceremony and leave her then shortly after, as he had done with several women before.
    When Olivia and her father return home, they find their house in flames. Although the family has lost almost all their belongings, the evil Squire Thornhill insists on the payment of the rent. As the vicar cannot pay, he is brought to gaol.
    What follows now is a chain of dreadful occurrences. The vicar's daughter Olivia is reported dead, Sophia abducted and George is also brought to gaol in chains and covered with blood, as he had challenged Thornhill to a duel, when he had heard about his wickedness.
    But then Mr. Burchell arrives and solves all problems. He rescues Sophia, Olivia is not dead and it emerges that Burchell is in reality the worthy Sir William Thornhill, who travels through the country in disguise. In the end there is a double wedding: George marries Arabella, as he originally intended, and Sir William Thornhill marries Sophia. Squire Thornhill's servant turns out to have tricked him, and thus the sham marriage of the Squire and Olivia is real. Finally even the wealth of the vicar is restored, as the bankrupt merchant is reported to be found. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vicar_of_Wakefield
  14. Vestal Virgins: One of the priestesses who tended the sacred fire in the temple of Vesta in ancient Rome and remained celibate during their servitude. http://www.answers.com/topic/vestal-virgin
  15. Clandestinely: Kept or done in secret, often in order to conceal an illicit or improper purpose. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/clandestinely
  16. A La Mode De Caen: The tripe a la mode de Caen are a culinary preparation Norman achieved with the four stomachs (rumen, sheet, hat and abomasum) of beef. L’origine des tripes remonte au Moyen Âge où elles comblaient déjà Guillaume le Conquérant qui s’en délectait en les accompagnant d’un jus de pommes de Neustrie . The origin of tripe since the Middle Ages where they already filled William the Conqueror who délectait accompanying them an apple juice of Neustria.
    On attribue la paternité des « tripes à la mode de Caen » à un moine cuisinier de l’ Abbaye aux Hommes de Caen , du nom de Sidoine Benoît . It attributes the authorship of "tripes a la mode de Caen" to a monk's cook the Abbaye aux Hommes de Caen, named Sidoine Benedict. Les tripes se préparent dans un récipient en terre conçu à cet usage, la « tripière » dont le couvercle est luté durant la très longue cuisson. The tripe is prepared in an earthen container designed for that purpose, "tripière" with its cover luté during the long cooking. Il existe une confrérie consacrée à la dégustation et à la promotion des tripes à la mode de Caen : « le Grand Ordre de la Tripière d’Or » . There is a brotherhood devoted to tasting and promotion of tripe a la mode de Caen: "Grand Order of the Golden Tripière." http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripes_%25C3%25A0_la_mode_de_Caen&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Da%2Bla%2Bmode%2Bde%2Bcaen%252Bdefinition%26hl%3Den%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft:*:IE-SearchBox%26rlz%3D1I7GGLD
  17. Tripes: The rubbery lining of the stomach of cattle or other ruminants, used as food. http://www.answers.com/topic/tripe
  18. Cartesian quarter of an hour: adj : of or relating to Rene Descartes or his works; "Cartesian linguistics" [syn: Cartesian]. Describing the kind of time that they are in. http://dictionary.die.net/cartesian
  19. Polypoids: 1 : resembling a polyp 2 : marked by the formation of lesions suggesting polyps http://medical.merriam-webster.com/medical/polypoid
  20. Footman: A man employed as a servant to wait at table, attend the door, and run various errands, as in a palace.
    2. Archaic
    a. A foot soldier; an infantryman.
    b. One who travels on foot; a pedestrian. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/footman


Characters and Casting:
Mrs. Smith- Female, Middle aged, race not specified, wife to Mr. Smith and friend to the Martins. Has 2 children.
Mr. Smith - Male, Middle aged, race not specified, husband to Mrs. Smith, friend to the Martins, has 2 children.
Mrs. Martin - Female, Middle aged, race not specified, wife to Mr. Martin, friend to the Smiths, has a daughter
Mr. Martin - Male, Middle aged, race not specified, husband to Mrs. Martin, friend to the Smiths, had a daughter
Mary (the maid) - Female, age not specified, race not specified, Maid to the Smiths, has a relationship with the Fire Chief
The Fire Chief- Male- age not specified, race not specified, has a romance with the maid, Mary.

This play being theatre of the absurd I think that there are so many options available for non-traditional casting. I think that any of these characters can be played by any ethnicity or race. I think that it would be interesting to move the sex of certain characters around. Perhaps the Fire Chief could be played by a woman. 
In terms of the intent of the author and perhaps even copyright rules it may not be possible to change the sex of these characters. Now the real intent of the author is to make fun of the english language. He wrote this at the time he was learning English. So by changing the race I think it wouldn't matter but when it comes to the changing the sex of the characters I think that Ionesco would feel that it would perhaps distract from the language.